[BUG] linking fails on cargo test -p iroha_executor --features debug

[nxsaken]

OS and Environment

macOS M1, happens in CI also (Ubuntu)

GIT commit hash

started in 7a41ae8, still going as of 86d3cbc

Minimum working example / Steps to reproduce

cargo test -p iroha_executor --features debug

Actual result

error: linking with `cc` failed: exit status: 1
  = note: Undefined symbols for architecture arm64:
            "_dbg", referenced from:
                iroha_smart_contract_utils::debug::dbg::h090653f2ad4ed03b in libiroha_smart_contract-dd8fcf4b8ebee85c.rlib[15](iroha_smart_contract-dd8fcf4b8ebee85c.2kke7rkpsclar55l.rcgu.o)
          ld: symbol(s) not found for architecture arm64
          clang: error: linker command failed with exit code 1 (use -v to see invocation)

Expected result

Builds and runs tests normally

Logs

Output from one of the failed jobs: https://github.com/hyperledger/iroha/actions/runs/9481834871/job/26125652260#step:5:1050

Who can help to reproduce?

@mversic

Notes

No response

[DCNick3]

The linking error happens because iroha_executor::data_model::permission::Permission::id() (which is called in some derive-generated code in iroha_executor::permission::tests::convert_token test) uses .dbg_expect extension on Result.

dbg_expect is intended to be only used in wasm smart contracts and calls iroha_smart_contract_utils::debug::dbg, which, in turn, when debug feature is enabled, is intended to call a host function to print a debug message. This whole mechanism exists to provide better debuggability of panics, as we build smart contracts with minimal panic infrastructure and they can't really print messages (-Z build-std-features=panic_immediate_abort).

I see two main ways to fix this:

1. make sure all tests for smart-contract related crates are wasm tests (this requires fixing getrandom-related issues, but is doable)
2. make dbg (and log) functions work outside of wasm

I lean towards option 2, as wasm tests are harder to debug and I would prefer we leave those only to parts that really require testing the wasm parts.